In the realm of orthopedic surgery, medical-grade titanium rod implants have emerged as a renowned choice for treating a variety of bone breaks. These implants are manufactured from high-grade titanium, a element renowned for its exceptional strength, biocompatibility, and resistance to corrosion. The superior mechanical properties of titanium make

PbSe quantum dot solar cells represent a promising avenue for reaching high photovoltaic efficiency. These devices leverage the unique optoelectronic properties of PbSe nanocrystals, which exhibit size-tunable bandgaps and exceptional light absorption in the solar spectrum. By carefully tuning the size and composition of the PbSe dots, researchers